Professional Ethics and Values
The course will cover the reasons of studying ethics, introduction to ethics, ethical system, normative ethics school of thoughts and ethic by orientation. Moreover the course will shed the light to the discourse on the importance, relationship and application of ethics in economics.
| Answers | Questions |
|---|---|
| Non-cognitivism | The modern positivist philosophy is the best supporting basis for this kind of thinking. |
| Thomas Hobbes | He assumes that we tend to have a personal interest in avoiding such a situation, so we can all agree to have laws without relying on meta-ethics. |
| David Hume | He admitted that as human beings who have experienced pleasure and pain, we have no choice but to agree to pleasure and pain as our "ultimate ends." |
| Cognitivism | That entire human's do-every deed they conceive that is put into action-has consequences. |
| Frederich Nietzsch | Our ideas of actions can fail to account for the indefinite complexity of the situation because of the inadequacy of language. |
| Stoicism | There is no evil because God is too powerful to allow it |
| Ethical Naturalism | Ethics can become a branch of science. Moral facts can be discovered using the scientific process. |
| Stoicism | The Stoic philosophers argued that virtue (promoting the divine plan) was the only thing of worthwhile importance, so unlike Aristotle's and Epicurus's conclusions, no value could ever encourage us to stop promoting virtue. |
| Non-cognitivism | Is largely supported by the Argument from Queerness. |
| Plato | He also insisted that we are guided to find the truth when we argue because we can start to "remember" the abstract entities from a time before we were born. |
| Aristotle | He partially justified ethics through psychology |
| Plato | He argued that ethical knowledge is possible by speculating about abstract entities (also called Forms or Ideas) |
| David Hume | He admitted that as human beings who have experienced pleasure and pain, we have no choice but to agree to pleasure and pain as our "ultimate ends." |
| Thomas Hobbes | Many philosophers assume his as a nihilist, and his philosophy is certainly consistent with nihilism. |
| Non-cognitivism | Maintains that you cannot tell whether one ethical rules is better than another. |
| Epicurus | The term "subjective" is associated with delusion and personal taste and the term "objective" is associated with the "real world," but these categories and associations might be merely biases |
| Stoicism | The Stoic philosophers argued that virtue (promoting the divine plan) was the only thing of worthwhile importance, so unlike Aristotle's and Epicurus's conclusions, no value could ever encourage us to stop promoting virtue |
| Stoicism | The understanding of reality being guided by a divine plan is enough to pragmatically decide to "live in accordance with nature" |
| TRUE | The word descriptive originates from the Latin word description, which means a drawing, sketch or description. |
| FALSE | As company's standard becomes firmly grounded in many global citizens' daily routines and considerations, consumers have a better understanding and are more optimistic overall about their own ability to make a positive impact. |
| TRUE | We often justify a claim that a particular action is right or wrong by reference to some ethical rule or standard which applies to the action. |
| Thomas Hobbes | Assumes that we tend to have a personal interest in avoiding such a situation, so we can all agree to have laws without relying on meta-ethics |
| Thomas Hobbes | Many philosophers assume his as a nihilist, and his philosophy is certainly consistent with nihilism |
| Non-cognitivism | Maintains that you cannot tell whether one ethical rule is better than another |
| Non-cognitivism | Natural science only takes into consideration facts that are empirically proven |
| TRUE | Near-universal in their demands for companies to act responsibly, nine-in-10 consumers expect companies to do more than make a profit, but also operate responsibly to address social and environmental issues. |
| TRUE | In the Philippines, consumer's rights varied from one company to another. |
| FALSE | Ethics teaches good ways of living and punishes evil, or Ethics strives for an ideal society. |
| TRUE | Ethics is also about examining morality, in the way that Immanuel Kant proposed. |
| FALSE | Imperative ethics describes the moral side as follows: it is what certain tribes, nations, cultures, social groups or classes regard as "moral" and the impact it has on the whole of human culture. It is about finding out about the impacts of moral projections or basic conditions. |
| Non-cognitivism | Is largely supported by the Argument from Queerness |
| Stoicism | Is God necessary for there to be real importance in the world? |
| TRUE | According to Harvard Business Review vision is a simple turns of phrase guide a company's and provide it with purpose. |
| FALSE | It is important to think through what rules of conduct ought to exist between you and a personal assistant. More importantly, these defined boundaries should be maintained in such distance working relationships. |
| TRUE | When people work closely together on a project, individuals tend to take on the core of the group. |
| Thomas Hobbes | He has been described as a Conventionalist |
| TRUE | Levinas does not conceive ethics as a matter of distinguishing good from evil in acting. Ethics is for him a matter of heteronomous relation to the Other. |
| Ethical Naturalism | Its quest to transform ethics into a branch of science is a solid strategy |
| TRUE | If Everyone Does It. Who would be hurt? What would the world be like? These questions can help identify unethical behavior. |
| Cognitivism | Is the view that ethical sentences express propositions and can therefore be true or false |
| Plato | He also insisted that we are guided to find the truth when we argue because we can start to "remember" the abstract entities from a time before we were born |
| TRUE | A conducive place is important to a company like Pixar for they believe that place shapes culture. |
| FALSE | Ethics is a discipline that does not explores all moral and ethical aspects of human life. |
| TRUE | Friedo Ricken explains the moral side of descriptive ethics as follows: it comprises all the statement, rules, actions and institutions that determine human behavior. |
| Frederich Nietzsche | He believes that every object and situation is unique, so words are hopelessly inadequate |
| FALSE | Defining ethics is much easier compared to other disciplines and it is difficult to agree on a single definition. |
| Epicurus | The belief in materialism (everything is derived from matter is precisely why many people have become moral skeptics |
| TRUE | Each state has its own consumer protection laws that give buyers and sellers certain rights. |
| TRUE | The most general definition of ethics can be found in the ideas of Walter Brugger, who said that ethics, or the philosophy of morality, is a philosophical discipline that is closely concerned with all aspects of morality |
| David Hume | He agrees that we must psychologically agree to moral truths despite the fact that we actually have no evidence of any moral truths |
| Ethical Naturalism | Philosophy and religion tends to suffer from our psychological tendency to see the world in human psychological terms |
| David Hume | He says that we can have no moral truths even though our passions seem to relate to morality somehow because passions cannot be said to be true or false and passions do not refer to anything else |
| TRUE | To be truly comprehensive, company development programs must address ethics and the role culture and play in ethical decision-making. |
| Ethical Naturalism | Moral facts don't exist because they aren't compatible with science |
| TRUE | Harvard Business Review include place as one of the six components of a great corporate because according with their review place shapes culture |
| Aristotle | He argues that happiness is of the primary importance and that virtue is the best way to achieve it |
| TRUE | When an employer hires a new employee, he is not just bringing a new member of the workforce aboard, he is also starting a new relationship. |
| TRUE | Aristotle said that rules are important in ethics. Society cannot be shaped without them. |
| FALSE | A company's virtues are the core of its culture. While a vision articulates a company's purpose, offer a set of guidelines on the behaviors and mindsets needed to achieve that vision. |
| TRUE | According to Levina, Other is understood as God an ultimate being. |
| TRUE | Tomas Sedlaced composed ethics as follows: Does virtue pay? |
| FALSE | The goal of society is to strive for moral and ethical life from the perspective of different historical eras and geographical places. In business ethics, this should depict the moral and ethical activities of companies (employers and employee) and their customers. |
| FALSE | The degree of closeness of employer and employee relationships will depend on both the standard of the company according to Erin Schreiner. |
| TRUE | Other can be any unifying element of existence beyond worldly comprehension and the Other as another human being a neighbor, a friend, a stranger on the street... |
| FALSE | Kant said, when we decide what we ought to do, we would like to base our decisions on sound reasons... |