Management Information Systems

 Management Information Systems

Question 15

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Changing and manipulating the data in an information system is called ________.  

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Question 50

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An expert system uses a(n), which is a collection of facts and the relationships among them.

Question 48

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A _____ is a type of malware that spreads in a network without human intervention.
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Question 49

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True or False: A firm gains bargaining power with a supplier when the firm has many competitors.

Question 47

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True or False: An exchange is an extranet for organizations that offer for sale and bid on products and services of a particular type.

Question 46

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The developers of ______ can obtain the source code free of charge, usually on the web.
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Question 45

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Which of the following conditions must exist for an information system to be a strategic information system?

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Question 44

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True or False: New processor-making technologies let engineers increase the processing speed of computers while enabling computers to use less energy and give off less heat.

Question 43

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can be rewritten and hold its content without electric power. 

Question 42

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_____ is a set of disks that is programmed to replicate stored data to provide a higher degree of reliability.
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Question 41

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is a calculation of the difference between the stream of benefits and the stream of costs over the life of the system, discounted by the applicable interest rate.

Question 40

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True or False: The developers of proprietary software make the source code of their software public.

Question 39

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A(n)consists of one or more rigid platters installed in the same box that holds the CPU and other computer components, or attached externally to the computer, usually through a USB port.  

Question 38

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The CPU and primary memory are usually plugged into a circuit board in the computer case called the ______.
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Question 37

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receive records of routine business transactions—such as the purchase of raw materials or services, or the sale of manufactured goods.

Question 36

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True or False: The fact that countries have different laws has little impact on global business in general, and on e-commerce in particular.

Question 35

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True or False: The larger the number of companies competing within an industry, the better off each company is.

Question 34

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_________ refers to an organization's initiative of adding to a product or service to increase its value to the consumer.
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Question 33

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The meaningful information gleaned from data warehouses using software tools is referred to as ____.
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Question 32

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True or False: Thinking globally and acting locally are ideas that contradict each other.

Question 31

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A person who holds the position ofmust have both technical understanding of current and developing information technologies and business knowledge.

Question 30

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Coding a message into a form unreadable to an interceptor is called ____.
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Question 29

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__________ help to find the populations and regions that are most likely to purchase a new product or service.
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Question 28

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receive signals from outside the computer and transfer them into the computer.  

Question 27

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A company achievesby using strategy to maximize its strengths, resulting in a competitive advantage.

Question 26

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Business intelligence applications access large pools of data, usually transactional records stored in large databases called _______.
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True or False: With encryption, the original, unencrypted message is called ciphertext.

Question 24

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True or False: The permissive model of software licensing permits anyone to use, modify, and make applications with the code, but not to use it in proprietary products for sale or licensing.

Question 23

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True or False: Designing a website for an international audience usually requires less planning than a national one.

Question 22

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Since ________ reduces the amount of paper in organizations, some of its most enthusiastic adopters are companies in paper-intensive fields such as law, retail, insurance, and banking.
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Question 21

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True or False: An alliance can be created to enable customers to use the same technology for purchases from different companies.

Question 20

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The implementation of a new IS, also called ____, consists of two steps: conversion and training.
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Question 19

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True or False: Compilers and interpreters are types of programming language translators.

Question 18

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systems are designed to support any and all relationships with customers.

Question 17

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Themodel provides application software developed and maintained by a third-party provider and offered to organizations for a recurring fee.

Question 16

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WiMAX is a(n) ____ technology.

Question 15

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Ford created a joint venture with General Motors Corp. and DaimlerChrysler to establish, a website that serves as an electronic market for parts suppliers who can bid online on requests for proposals posted by the automakers.

Question 14

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The ___________ of a specific raw material is the optimal quantity that allows a business to minimize overstocking and save cost, without risking understocking and missing production deadlines.
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Question 13

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A _________ is a body of clients that is large enough to attract many other clients.

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Question 12

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_________ is the raw material in the production of information.
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Question 11

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A single Wi-Fi router can be connected to a(n), which in turn is connected to a wired network and usually to the Internet.

Question 10

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Instead of spending money on the purchase of data storage devices, a company can contract with a(n) ____ and have all or some of its files stored remotely on the provider's devices.

Question 9

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Businesses such as Amazon.com and Buy.com that transact business only through an online environment are called ____ retailers.  

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Question 8

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True or False: If the return on investment (ROI) of an economic analysis is negative, the system is economically feasible, or cost justified.

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The model uses the object-oriented approach to maintaining records.

Question 6

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True or False: Modern customer relationship management (CRM) systems can help capture the entire customer experience with an organization, from response to an online advertisement to automatic replenishment of products to proactive service.

Question 7

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True or False: The three phases involved in building a data warehouse from transactional data are extraction, transforming, and loading.

Question 3

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Organizations must use software tools to process data into meaningful information to make _____ useful.
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With a(n), a user controls the cursor by moving his or her finger along a touch-sensitive pad.

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The purpose of __________ is to pinpoint the people and organizations most likely to purchase what the organization sells and to promote the appropriate products and services to those people and organizations.
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_______ are high-frequency radio waves that can carry signals over long distances with high accuracy.
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Question 15

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Probably the easiest way to protect against loss of data is to automatically duplicate all data periodically, a process referred to as data.

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Question 14

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_____ software records individual keystrokes.
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Question 13

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_____ encryption is defined as encryption that comprises two keys: a public key, and a private key.
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Question 12

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The cost of damage is the aggregate of all the potential damages multiplied by their respective ____.

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Question 11

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To prepare for mishaps, either natural or malicious, many organizations have well-planned programs in place, called.

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Question 10

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, the time during which ISs or data are not available in the course of conducting business, has become a dreaded situation for almost every business worldwide.

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Question 9

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Hardware or software that blocks access to computing resources is called a(n) ____.

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Question 8

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A ____ is a bogus record in a networked database that neither employees nor business partners would ever access for legitimate purposes.
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Question 7

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Once criminals have a person’s identifying details, such as a Social Security number, driver’s license number, orcredit-card number, they can pretend to be this person, which is a crime called ___.

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Question 6

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Managers should focus on the asset they must protect, which in most cases is ____, not applications.
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are total losses of electrical power.

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are constraints and other restrictions imposed on a user or a system, and they can be used to secure systems against risks or to reduce damage caused to systems, applications, and data.

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True or False: Several manufacturers of computer equipment offer individual keyboard-embedded and mouse-embedded fingerprint devices.

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True or False: Redundancies increase expected downtime in business information systems.

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Question 1

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_____ are measures taken to ensure that only those who are authorized can use a computer or network or to certain applications or data.
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Question 15

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True or False: Symmetric encryption is also called “public‐key” encryption.

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Question 14

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True or False: The greater the number of interdependent systems, the greater the expected downtime.

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Question 13

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True or False: A protocol called Transport Layer Security (TLS) is used for transactions on the Web.

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Question 12

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True or False: Controls translate business policies into system features.

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Question 11

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To ensure against interruptions in power supply, organizations use ____ systems, which provide an alternative power supply for a short time, as soon as a power network fails.

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Question 10

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A con artist telephones an employee, pretends to be from his own organization's IT unit, and says he must have the employee’s password to fix a problem. This is an example of ____.
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Question 9

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True or False: Encryption slows down communication because the software must encrypt and decrypt every message.

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Question 8

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Perpetrators use other people's computers in distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. Professionals call such computers ____.

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Question 7

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When both the sender and recipient use the same secret key, the technique is called ____.

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Question 6

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CIOs often cite ____ as an effective way to bring down the amount of work their subordinates must do.
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Question 5

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Sometimes a(n) _____ is automatically created using data, such as the date and time of a transaction or the name or password of the user updating the file.
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Question 4

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A(n) ___ is a way to authenticate online messages, analogous to a physical signature on a piece of paper, but implemented with public-key cryptography.

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Question 3

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In ____, the voltage of the power decreases, or there are very short interruptions in the flow of power.
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Question 2

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True or False: With single sign-on, users are required to identify themselves every time they access each of several different systems.

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True or False: Companies that choose not to fully develop their own recovery plan can outsource it to companies that specialize in either disaster recovery planning or provision of alternative sites.

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Question 20

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True or False: Outsourcing is a concept that might encompass more than just commissioning the development of an application.

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True or False: Offshoring has caused layoffs of programmers in Western countries and created much bitterness among those professionals and supporters of local labor.

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Question 18

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The greatest disadvantage of tailored applications is their ____.

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Question 17

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The concept in which an application service provider offers the use of computer programs through a network (the Internet or private network) is known as ____.
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Question 16

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Companies that provide IT services are commonly called ____.
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Question 15

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When soliciting vendor details, the project manager sends a ____ to the vendors identified, requesting general, somewhat informal information about a product.
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The most important element of an outsourcing agreement for both parties, but mostly for the client, is what professionals call the ____.

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True or False: In-house development teams can usually complete a new application project in less time than an IT vendor can.

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In order to overcome connectivity issues and reduce security risks, some clients prefer to use a(n) ___ rather than the Internet to connect to application service providers.

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Question 11

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In user development of applications, the lack of ____ makes system maintenance difficult at best and impossible at worst.

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Question 10

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_____ include ERP, SCM, and CRM applications and typically cost millions of dollars.
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True or False: Companies that are growing fast and rely on software for deployment of their operations often hire the services of ASPs.

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True or False: When end users develop applications, they should be encouraged to develop applications that interface with other organizational systems.

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____ software closely conforms to an individual unit’s subculture, which makes the transition to a new system easier for employees.
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_____ allows clients to take advantage of the vendor’s experience that the vendor hasgained through work with many clients in different environments.
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Companies should not rely on end users to develop applications that ____.
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True or False: Since no provider can guarantee 100 percent uptime, ASPs often promise 99.9 percent uptime.

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The practice of outsourcing routine activities, such as customer order entry or human resource transactions, is called.

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True or False: An application service provider (ASP) installs software on a client’s computers.

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True or False: Vendor selection criteria include functionality, architectural fit, price, services, and support.

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True or False: For many companies, IT is not their core competency and should not be a focus of their efforts.

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Question 19

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When ______ a software package, the buyer gains several benefits such as immediate system availability, high quality, low price, and available support.
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Question 18

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Before licensing a particular software package, the company should test the system using ____, which is comparing actual performance against specific quantifiable criteria.

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Question 17

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Many North American and European countries have outsourced development of well-defined applications to professionals in other countries, an act often referred to as ___.

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Question 16

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in general means hiring the services of another organization or individual to perform some of the work that otherwise would be performed by the hiring organization or its employees.

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Question 15

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To ensure compatibility with other applications within an organization, the organization’s IT professionals should adopt and supply_________tools to interested users.
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True or False: In recent years, enterprise applications have constituted a far larger part of IT expenditures on packaged software.

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True or False: In the IT arena, outsourcing has a single meaning.

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is the proportion of time that the ASP’s systems and communication links are up and running.

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IT companies that provide both hardware and software have seen revenue from ____ service portion of their business grow faster than from the sale of hardware and software.
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Question 10

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An organization that offers the use of software through communication lines is called a(n).

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Studies show thatis not the most common reason for outsourcing.

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True or False: A paradoxical aspect to IT outsourcing is that while contracts are signed for long periods of time, they typically involve rapidly changing technologies.

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True or False: Authorities usually deal with unauthorized use of computers as theft.

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If the cost-accounting procedures of a particular company are so specific that no commercially available software can perform them, the company must develop ____ software.
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Contracts for ____ software development might be incompatible with agile development methods.
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Among the methods for system development, ____ is clearly the best option for many small companies.
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If someone from outside a company accessed the company’s computer without authorization and used it for any purpose whatsoever, the act would beunder the laws of every state in the United States.

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True or False: The greatest advantage of tailored applications is their low cost.

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Clients should not expect vendors to list the service level and ____; the clients must do it.
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Rather than containing a set of IF-THEN rules, more sophisticated ESs use ____, which are designed to mimic the way a human brain learns.
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Intelligentallow employees to enter questions in free form or close to free form.

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Agile methods are an efficient approach to development when a system is ____, when it deals with unstructured problems, and when the users cannot specify all the requirements at the start of the project.
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The first step in systems analysis is ____, which determines whether there is a real need for a system and whether the system as conceived is feasible.
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True or False: Expertise in narrow domains can be programmed in expert systems.

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A carefully drawn can provide a useful representation of a system, whether existing or planned.
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One objective of data mining is _____, the discovering of patterns in data that can lead to reasonable predictions.
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consists of post-implementation debugging and updating (making changes and additions), including adding features that were originally desired but later postponed so budget and time limits could be met.

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Expert systems and neural networks are two techniques researched and implemented in a field called.

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Identify the risk factor in decision support systems that lead to ethical issues.
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____ are excellent tools for building both the data and the models that decision support systems need.
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Some software companies, such as Tacit Systems, Hivemine, and Safeharbor Knowledge Solutions have developed , tools that facilitate knowledge sharing through intranets.

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True or False: Geographic information systems (GISs) are often the best decision aids for map-related decisions.

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True or False: A small ad hoc team usually performs a quick preliminary investigation to determine the need for a new system.

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A major effort of most businesses, especially retail businesses, in using customer relationship management (CRM) systems is to collect ____ about customers.
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Businesses use ______ to analyze data.
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True or False: Mathematicians call a sequence of steps a parameter.

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True or False: Online analytical processing (OLAP) applications are powerful tools created specifically for shift employees.

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Identify an advantage of certifications.
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In thephase of decision making, decision makers collect facts, ideas, and beliefs.

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consists of diagrams that describe the following types of software: use case, class, interaction, state, activity, and physical components.

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True or False: Legacy systems are older systems that organizations decide to continue to use because the investment in a new system would not justify the improved features or because the old systems have some advantage that cannot be obtained from newer systems.

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True or False: A data store is any event or sequence of events in which data is either changed or acted on.

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The popular name of an interface for business intelligence tools is ____.
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A cut-over conversion is also calledconversion.

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In the ____ phase of decision making, the method for considering a data is designed.

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______is the attempt by organizations to put procedures and technologies in place to transfer individual knowledge into databases.
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A(n) ____ is required when it is not possible to exploit expertise by coupling quantitative data from a database with decision models.
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OLAP applications can process ____ records per second.
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True or False: Direct marketing is a data-mining application that identifies the reasons customers switch to competitors and predicts which customers are likely to do so.

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When a system is developed by a software vendor for a wide market rather than for a specific client, conversion often takes place at ___.
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takes place when an operation switches from using an old system to using a new system.

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A(n) ____ diagram is used to describe the flow of data in a business operation.

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Agile methods developed out of ___, an application development approach that emerged in the 1980s aimed at cutting costs and time.

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______ is a structured, disciplined approach that facilitates the adoption of new or modified systems by various groups and individuals within an organization.
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____ is meant to guarantee that the experts have passed tests that ensure their skills.
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The part of the BI software application that parses the questions entered by employees is known as the ____.
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Business intelligencehelp executives quickly receive metrics, ratios, and trends in mostly graphic format.

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The data-mining application that identifies which prospective clients should be included in a mailing or email list to obtain the highest response rate is known as ____.
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Applications can easily answer questions such as, “Where are my weakest performing sales offices?” and “What products are selling well?”

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True or False: Online analytical processing (OLAP) is increasingly used by corporations to gain efficiencies.

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automates the classification of data into categories for future retrieval.

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One objective of data mining is, the finding of groups of related facts not previously known.

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Both data-mining and OLAP software are often integrated into ____ for the purpose of collecting business intelligence about customers.
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True or False: Loyalty programs, such as frequent flier and consumer clubs, help organizations amass a steady flow of data about their customers.

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Knowledge management tools buildand help employees access them.

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Companies such as Razorfish, DoubleClick, and Engage Software use ____ to collect consumer data.
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Knowledge management attempts to transfer individual knowledge into.

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is the process of selecting, exploring, and modeling large amounts of data to discover previously unknown relationships that can support decision making.

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is a process by which one starts with a table that shows broad information and successively retrieves tables of more specific information.

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In banking, ____ is employed to find profitable customers and patterns of fraud.
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In, the raw data is organized in tables that show information in summaries and ratios so that the inquirer does not have to wait for processing raw data.

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OLAP applications are usually installed on a special server that communicates with both the user’s computer and theserver or servers that contain a data warehouse or ____.
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True or False: Knowledge management software makes storage and organization of unstructured data more of a challenge.

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True or False: Data-mining software searches through large amounts of data for meaningful patterns of information.

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The research company IDC argues that almost half of the work that ____ do in organizations has already been done, at least partially.

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A dynamicapplication responds to commands by composing tables “on the fly.”

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Data warehouses could be regarded as a type of ____, where new useful information is the precious find.
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To group knowledge into manageable data, companies use ___ software.
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Practically all search engine sites, such as Google and Yahoo!, usesoftware, and continue to improve the software to provide more precise and faster responses to queries.

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Some companies require workers to create reports of their finding to transfer knowledge into manageable ___.
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BI software has become so popular in large companies that Microsoft decided to integrate such software into its popular database management system, _____.
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Information that can be gleaned from stored data is ____.
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True or False: Companies find that the data that they collect directly from consumers provides a full picture of customer needs.

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______are often designed to quickly present predefined business metrics, such as occupancy ratios in hotels and hospitals, or inventory turns in retail.
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An organization can learn much about its customers, sellers, and itself by mining data warehouses and using OLAP software, but such techniques still do not satisfy another important challenge: how to manage.

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Outcomes rarely respond in equal measure to changes in ____, which are categories of data considered when following a sequence of steps.
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A DSS’s ____ is a database or data warehouse that provides the data for the intelligence phase of decision making.

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_____ are applications that combine features of two or more online applications.
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are sequences of steps, formulas, models, and other tools that systematically reduce the alternatives to a manageable number.

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True or False: The majority of problems in the business world are structured.

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True or False: People are often denied credit based on the decisions made by machines.

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A(n) __________ system is used at all levels of an organization, and often by non-managerial staff.
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When using a(n) _____, the user enjoys the knowledge and experience that have been accumulated by other people over many years.
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A decision support system’s _____ module is a database or data warehouse that provides the data for the intelligence phase of decision making.
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An increasing amount of ____ in the financial services and many other industries are made in real time using DSSs.
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is an expert system that includes instrumentation that connects to the patient’s body and feeds various data about the patient’s condition into the ES to be analyzed for pulmonary diseases.

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