Software Engineering 1

Software Engineering 1

Software engineering is the process of analyzing user needs and designing, constructing, and testing end-user applications that will satisfy these needs through the use of software programming languages. It is the application of engineering principles to software development.

	100-200	Build & Fix Model is suitable for programming exercises of ___________ LOC (Line of Code).
	5 phases	RAD Model has
	A project has a unique purpose.	Every project should have awell-defined objective. For example, many people hire firms to design and build a new house, but each house, like each person, is unique.
	A project is an endeavor	Resources, such as people and equipment, need to do work.
	A project is developed using progressive elaboration or in an iterative fashion.	Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, the specific details of the project become clearer.
	A project is temporary	A project’s duration might be just one week or it might go on for years, but every project has an end date.
	A project requires resources, often from various areas	Resources include people, hardware, software, or other assets. Many different types of people, skill sets, and resources are needed to build a home.
	A project should have a primary customer or sponsor	Most projects have many interested parties or stakeholders, but someone must take the primary role of sponsorship.
	abstraction	implies that a problem can be simplified by omitting irrelevant details.
	abstraction	Software engineering principle whose main purpose is to consider only those aspects of the problem that are relevant for certain purpose and suppress other aspects that are not relevant for the given purpose
	act consistently with the public interest.”	Identify the correct statement: “Software engineers shall
	Adaptive	The modification of the software to match changes in the ever changing environment, falls under which category of software maintenance?
	Adaptive Maintenance	This includes modifications and updationsapplied to keep the software product up-to date and tuned to the ever changing world of technology and business environment.
	Adhoc testing	Testing done without planning and Documentation is called
	All are true	Which of the following statements about SRS is/are true ?
	All of the above	Release notes show what happened in this software version. Typically the information includes:
	All of the mentioned	“Software engineers should not use their technical skills to  other people’s computers.”Here the term  refers to:
	All of the mentioned	Processes for evolving a software product depend on:
	All of the mentioned	Selection of a model is based on
	All of the mentioned	Software Maintenance includes
	All of the mentioned	What are the various Testing Levels?
	all of the mentioned	Which of the following is/are main parameters that you should use when computing the costs of a software development project?
	All of the mentioned	Which of the following is/are White box technique?
	All of the mentioned	Which of these is true ?
	All of the mentioned	Which one of the following is not an Evolutionary Process Model?
	All of these	What are the Mandatory Quality Procedures?
	Ambiguous	Which of the following property does not correspond to a good Software Requirements Specification (SRS) ?
	Analysis	The new modules are coded with the help of structureddesign created in the design step.
	Appraisal	Inspections and testing are what kinds of Quality Costs?
	Avoiding customer complaints	Which of the following is not project management goal?
	Barry Boehm	The spiral model was originally proposed by
	Batch processing systems	These are business systems that are designed toprocess data in large batches.
	be dependent on their colleagues.”	Select the incorrect statement: “Software engineers should
	Berry Boehm	Spiral model was developed by
	Beta testing	Acceptance testing is also known as
	Black box testing	Behavioral testing is
	Black Box Testing	Boundary value analysis belong to?
	black-box	The SRS document is also known as _____________ specification.
	Black-box Testing	It is carried out to test functionality of the program and also called ‘Behavioral’ testing.
	Both Confidentiality & Intellectual property rights	Choose the correct option in terms of Issues related to professional responsibility
	Both RAD & Iterative Enhancement	A company is developing an advance version of their current software available in the market, what model approach would they prefer ?
	Both RAD & Prototyping Model facilitates reusability of components	Choose the correct option from given below:
	Both Software companies and Developers	The reason for software bugs and failures is due to
	Bottom-up Design	The ___________________ model starts with most specific and basic components. It proceeds with composing higher level of components by using basic or lower level components.
	Boundary value analysis	Which of the following is black box testing
	Boundary values	The input is divided into higher and lower end values.If these values pass the test, it is assumed that all values in between may pass too.
	Branches	In almost all serious software development projects, a revision or version control system is used. This version control system keeps a record of changes in source code files and is usually built in a tree-like structure.
	Breadth test and depth test	Maintenance testing is performed using which methodology?
	Client Requirements	Over the time, customer may ask for new featuresor functions in the software.
	Code-reuse	Programming interfaces of present-day languages are verysophisticated and are equipped huge library functions.
	Coding	Which one of the following is not a phase of Prototyping Model?
	Cohesion	It is grouping of all functionally related elements
	Command Prompt	It is text-based notifier that is mostly shows thecontext in which the user is working. It is generated by the software system.
	Command Prompt , Command	A ___________is an executable instruction. It may have one ormore parameters.
	Commercial Off-The-Shelf systems	COTS stands for
	Competence	You should not misrepresent your level of competence. You shouldnot knowingly accept work that is outside your competence.
	Complete	Which of the following property of SRS is depicted by the statement : “Conformity to a standard is maintained” ?
	Completing a scope statement	What should a project manager do or follow to ensure clear boundaries for project completion?
	Component reuse	Consider the example and categorize it accordingly, “A pattern-matching system developed as part of a text-processing system may be reused in a database management system”.
	Computer information system	A field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, whereas IS emphasizes functionality over design.
	Computer misuse	You should not use your technical skills to misuse otherpeople’s computers.
	Computer science belongs to Software engineering	Which of these is incorrect ?
	Concurrent Model	If you were to create client/server applications, which model would you go for?
	Concurrent Model	Model preferred to create client/server applications is
	Confidentiality	You should normally respect the confidentiality of your employers or clients irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed.
	Confidentiality, Competence, Intellectual Property Rights, Computer misuse, Security	Software Engineering ethics includes: (select all correct answers)
	Corrective Maintenance	This includes modifications and updations donein order to correct or fix problems, which are either discovered by user or concluded by user error reports.
	Cost constraints	It refers to the budgeted amount available for the project.
	COTS-solution systems	What are generic application systems that may be designed to support a particular business type, activity, or sometimes a complete enterprise?
	Data collection systems	These are systems that collect data from their environment using a set of sensors and send that data to other systems for processing.
	data structure component	It is often easier to use if these two concerns are divided as much as possible into separate sets of client functions.
	Database management	Software Design documentation contains the following except for:
	Software specification	The functionality of the software and constraints on itsoperation must be defined.
	Hardware platform	This is the tangible part of the development system.
	FALSE	Software engineering helps to this programming complexity.
	Generality	It is important in designing software that is free from unnatural restrictions and limitations.
	Size of module	Which of the following is not used in measuring the size of the software
	Development type	Choice of a particular operating system may be made depending upon, except:
	Software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible	Explain what is meant by  with reference to one of the eight principles as per the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics ?
	Modularity	It implies separating software into components according to functionality and responsibility.
	eight	The modification of the software to match changes in the ever changing environment, falls under which category of software maintenance?
	Software design and implementation	The software to meet the specificationmust be produced.
	Developers	Unit testing is done by
	Software Design	It is a process to conceptualize the software requirements into software implementation.
	Systems for modeling and simulation.	These are systems that are developed byscientists and engineers to model physical processes or situations, which include many, separate, interacting objects.
	Systems of systems	These are systems that are composed of a number of othersoftware systems.
	three	Selective retest techniques may be more economical than the “retest-all”technique.How many selective retest techniques are there?
	ii, i, v, iv, iii	Arrange the given sequence to form a SRS Prototype outline as per IEEE SRS Standard.
	Information System	It is a system composed of people and computers that processes or interprets information.
	Target-Host	The software program, which is being developed in theorganization, needs to be designed for host machines at the customers end.
	Regression or Stress Testing	It is a process done in some projects to carry out a test for a longer period of time. This type of testing is used to determine behavior of a product when used continuously over a period of time
	Organization Changes	If there is any business level change at clientend, such as reduction of organization strength, acquiring another company, organization venturing into new business, need to modify in the original software may arise.
	Spiral	Which of the following life cycle model can be chosen if the development team has less experience on similar projects?
	It scales up well to large projects	Which of the following statements regarding Build & Fix Model is wrong?
	Incremental Development	An ________________ process simplifies verification. If you develop software by adding small increments of functionality, then, for verification, you only need to deal with the added portion
	Testing	Which of the following is not considered as a risk in project management?
	Diagonal Prototype	Which is not one of the types of prototype of Prototyping Model?
	impractical but possible	Exhaustive testing is
	ENVIRONMENT	Which of these are not among the eight principles followed by Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice ?
	User’s end	Beta testing is done at
	FALSE	In industry, software engineering is usually needed to develop large programs to accommodate functions.
	program	It  is an executable code, which serves some computational purpose.
	Intellectual property rights.	You should be aware of local laws governing the useof intellectual property such as patents and copyright.
	Software Engineering	The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software.
	Identification & Tracing	It involves activities pertaining to identificationof requirement of modification or maintenance
	FALSE	A good decomposition of a problem should interactions among various components.
	Software evolution	The software must evolve to meet changing customer needs.
	White-box Testing	It is conducted to test program and its implementation, in order to improve code efficiency or structure. It is also known as ‘Structural’ testing.
	Progress can be measured for Incremental Model	How is Incremental Model different from Spiral Model?
	software product	It is considered to be a collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations made for a specific purpose.
	Incremental development	This approach interleaves the activities of specification, development, and validation. The system is developed as a series of versions (increments), with each version adding functionality to the previous version.
	Increasing Supply	Which of these does not account for software failure ?
	Software Validation	The fundamental notions of software engineering does not account for ?
	Software Development Life Cycle	SDLC stands for
	Perfective Maintenance	This includes modifications and updates donein order to keep the software usable over long period of time. It includes new features, new user requirements for refining the software and improve its reliability and performance.
	Recursion	This is a programming technique where a function callsitself and repeats the program code in it unless some pre-defined condition matches.
	Performance testing	Which of the following is non-functional testing?
	Run chart	Lower and upper limits are present in which chart?
	Software	It refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them.
	Reuse-oriented software engineering	This approach is based on the existence ofa significant number of reusable components. The system development process focuses on integrating these components into a system rather than developing them from scratch
	four	Maintenance is classified into how many categories ?
	Hardware	This category includes the computer itself, which is often referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipment.
	Linear Model & Prototyping Model	The Incremental Model is combination of elements of
	Software Engineering	It is a systematic approach to the production of software that takes into account practical cost, schedule, and dependability issues, as well as the needs of software customers and producers.
	Reengineering	Program modularization and Source code translation are the activities of_____________
	Requirement Gathering	This is usually the first part of any software product. This stage starts when you are thinking about developing software. In this phase, you meet customers or prospective customers, analyzing market requirements and features that are in demand.
	Project	A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
	Structured Coding	In reference with top-down analysis, _________________ sub-divides the modules into further smaller units of code.
	Design solutions	Which of the following is not included in SRS ?
	Host Modifications	If any of the hardware and/or platform (such asoperating system) of the target host changes, software changes are needed to keep adaptability.
	Programming style	This is set of coding rules followed by all the programmers to write the code.
	Polymorphism	OOD languages provide a mechanism where methodsperforming similar tasks but vary in arguments, can be assigned same name.
	Structural testing	White Box techniques are also classified as
	radial, angular	The two dimensions of spiral model are
	Portability, Interoperability, Reusability, Adaptability, Maintenance	These aspects are important when the software is moved from one platform to another: (select all correct answers)
	Fault	It is also known as a bug, is a result of an error which can cause system to fail.
	Systems are developed by configuring and integrating existing application systems	COTS product reuse means
	Scope constraints	It refers to what must be done to produce the project's end result
	Functional specification	__________________ documents show the behavior or functionality of a software product on an abstract level.
	Encapsulation	In OOD, the attributes (data variables) and methods(operation on the data) are bundled together is called _________________.
	Requirement documentation	These documentations contain all thenecessary information, which are needed to build the software
	Framework	Which of the following is a generic structure that is extended to create a more specific subsystem or application?
	Functional Testing	This is carried out to make sure that the software is doing exactly what it is supposed to do. This type of testing is a must before any software is released to customers.
	Implementation and Coding	This is usually the longest phase in the product life cycle. Each developer has to write his/her own code and collaborate with other developers to make sure that different components can interoperate with each other.
	Unit Testing	It is testing one part or one component of the product. The developer usually does this when he/she has completed writing code for that part of the product.
	FALSE	are absolutely necessary to achieve a good quality software cost effectively.
	Top-down analysis	Under __________________, the problem is broken down into small pieces where each one has some significance. Each problem is individually solved and steps are clearly stated about how to solve the problem.
	Developer’s end	Alpha testing is done at
	Structured design	It is a conceptualization of problem into several well-organized elements of solution
	Increases reusability of components, Highly specialized & skilled developers/designers are required	What is the major drawback of using RAD Model?
	Generality	______________ measures the ability of a regression test selection technique to handle realistic applications.
	Implementation and unit testing	During this stage, the software design is realized as a set of programs or program units
	TRUE	The outcome of is an efficient and reliable software product.
	Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination	SPICE stands for
	Top level management	Which of the following is responsible for the quality objective?
	Software is set of programs, documentation & configuration of data	What is a Software ?
	Inheritance	OOD allows similar classes to stack up in hierarchicalmanner where the lower or sub-classes can import, implement and re-use allowed variables and methods from their immediate super classes.
	high	A 66.6% risk is considered as
	TRUE	he most significant factor in determining which software engineering methods and techniques are most important is the that is being developed.
	high effectiveness	Which of the following is not an advantages of software reuse?
	Workflow	The process mapping is a ______ diagram
	function-oriented design	In ________________, the system comprises of many smaller sub-systems known as functions.
	no subset of individual requirements described in it conflict with each other	The SRS is said to be  if and only if
	Operational, Maintenance, Transitional	Characteristics of a good software: (select all correct answers)
	Process specialization	“An ordering system may be adapted to cope with a centralized ordering process in one company and a distributed process in another.” Which category the example belong to?
	Large Software, Scalability, Cost, Dynamic Nature, Quality Management	software process
	Modularity, Maintainability, Flexibility, Scalability	These aspects briefs about how well software has the capabilities to maintain itself in the ever-changing environment: (select all correct answers)
	Software Releases	Before you start selling any software product, it is officially released. This means that you create a state of the software in your repository, make sure that it has been tested for functionality and freeze the code.
	Testing	___________ is probably the most important phase for long-term support as well as for the reputation of the company.
	White box testing	What is Cyclomatic complexity?
	RAD Model	Which model can be selected if user is involved in all the phases of SDLC?
	Your employer releases a safety-critical system without finishing the testing of the system	Identify an ethical dilemma from the situations mentioned below:
	White box testing	The testing in which code is checked
	Generality	It is important in designing software that is free from unnatural restrictions and limitations.
	Verifiable	Consider the following Statement: “The output of a program shall be given within 10 secs of event X 10% of the time.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ?
	TRUE	If the were not based on scientific and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new software than to scale an existing one.
	Microsoft	.NET are specific to which platform?
	Software developers	They deal with structures and algorithms without regard for the meaning or importance of the data that is involved.
	Prototyping & Spiral	Which two models doesn’t allow defining requirements early in the cycle?
	The waterfall model	This takes the fundamental process activities of specification, development, validation, and evolution and represents them as separate process phases such as requirements specification, software design, implementation, testing, and so on.
	Internship management	Which of the following is incorrect activity for the configuration management of a software system?
	Procedures	These are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system.
	Motivation	________________ is the ability to encourage by "push or pull" technical people to produce to their best ability.
	Interactive transaction-based applications	These are applications that executeon a remote computer and that are accessed by users from their own PCs or terminals.
	Non-Verifiable	Consider the following Statement: “The product should have a good human interface.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ?
	λ-calculus	Most functional programming languages use ______________  astheir type systems. λ-expressions are executed by evaluating them as they occur.
	It defines a set of negotiation activities at the beginning of each pass around the spiral	How is WINWIN Spiral Model different from Spiral Model?
	Preventive Maintenance	This includes modifications and updations toprevent future problems of the software. It aims to attend problems, which are not significant at this moment but may cause serious issues in future.
	Time constraints	It refers to the amount of time available to complete a project
	Failure	It is said to be the inability of the system to perform thedesired task.
	low cost	The open source movement has meant that there is a huge reusable code base available at
	Linear Model & Prototyping Model	The Incremental Model is a result of combination of elements of which two models?
	Quality	It is the ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, service, product component, or process to fulfill requirements of customers.
	Top-down analysis	A software is always made to perform some rationalwork. This rational work is known as problem in the software parlance.
	Software Engineering	ranch of discipline associated with the development of software product using well-defined scientific principles, methods and procedures.
	Verification	It is the process of confirming if the software is meeting the business requirements, and is developed adhering to the proper specifications and methodologies.
	Software	It refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them.
	Design Constraints	Which of the following is included in SRS ?
	Reverse Engineering and Reengineering	Which technique is applied to ensure the continued evolution of legacy systems ?
	Doesn’t work well for smaller projects	Identify the disadvantage of Spiral Model.
	FALSE	The need of software engineering arises because of of change in user requirements and environment on which the software is working.
	Equivalence class	The input is divided into similar classes. If oneelement of a class passes the test, it is assumed that all the class is passed.
	software	considered to be a collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations.
	Software	Which metric is related to the software maintenance
	design documents	After defining architecture, software components and their interfaces, the next phase of development is the creation of __________________.
	Embedded control systems	These are software control systems that control andmanage hardware devices.
	licensing	Efficiency in a software product does not include ________
	Evaluating deliverable to find errors	Which of the following term describes testing?
	Naming conventions	This section defines how to name functions,variables, constants and global variables.
	Evolutionary development usually has two flavors; exploratory development, and throw-away prototyping	Identify the correct statement with respect to Evolutionary development:
	RAD & Prototyping	Which two of the following models will not be able to give the desired outcome if user’s participation is not involved?
	Project Management Life Cycle	The process each manager follows during the life of a project is known as
	Entertainment system	These are systems that are primarily for personal use andwhich are intended to entertain the user.
	Inclusiveness	Which regression test selection technique exposes faults caused by modifications?
	Quality Management	It is the sum of all planned systematic activities and processes for creating, controlling and assuring quality indicates how quality management relates to the typical product development.
	Rapid Application Development	RAD stands for
	Non-verifiable	Consider the following Statement: “The data set will contain an end of file character.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ?
	Sanity Testing	It is a very basic check to see if all software components compile with each other without a problem.
	Software validation	The software must be validated to ensure that it does whatthe customer wants.
	Easier to test and debug & It is used when there is a need to get a product to the market early	What is the major advantage of using Incremental Model?
	Software dependence	Which of these software engineering activities are not a part of software processes ?
	Objects	All entities involved in the solution design are known as __________.For example, person, banks, company, and customers are treated as objects.
	Stand-alone applications.	These are application systems that run on a local computer, such as a PC.
	Error	These are actual coding mistakes made by developers. In addition, there is a difference in output of software and desired output is considered as ______.
	FALSE	problem has to be decomposed such that each component of the decomposed problem can be solved and then the solution of the different components can be combined to get the full solution.
		A field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, whereas IS emphasizes functionality over design.
	User documentation	These
	Object Oriented Design	It works around the entities and their characteristics instead of functions involved in the software system. This design strategies focuses on entities and its characteristics.
	Software process models	It is a simplified representation of a software process. Each process represents a process from a particular perspective, and thus provides only partial information about that process.
	project	Quality planning is the process of developing a quality plan for
	Technical documentation	These documentations are maintained by thedevelopers and actual coders. These documents, as a whole, represent information about the code.
	Regression Testing	What type of software testing is generally used in Software Maintenance?
	Software maintainability & functionality	What are attributes of good software ?
	Strict evaluation	It is a method of evaluating the expression passed toa function as an argument.
	Safe	Which selective retest technique selects every test case that causes a modified program to produce a different output than its original version?
	System software	Typically each development platform consists of the following components, except:
	Web based systems have led to degradation of programming languages	Which of these is not true ?
	FALSE	needs to be written using software engineering principles.
	Top Down Design	It takes the whole software system as one entity and then decomposes it to achieve more than one sub-system or component based on some characteristics.
	Version Management	Every time a new software is issued to the customer, developers have to maintain version and configuration related documentation.
	Lack of adequate training in software engineering	As per an IBM report, “31%of the project get cancelled before they are completed, 53% overrun their cost estimates by an average of 189% and for every 100 projects, there are 94 restarts”.What is the reason for these statistics ?
	Process analysis	Identify the sub-process of process improvement
	TRUE	If the different sub components are interrelated, then the different components cannot be solved separately and the desired in complexity will not be realized.
	RAD	If you were a lead developer of a software company and you are asked to submit a project/product within a stipulated time-frame with no cost barriers, which model would you select?
	Pure functions	These functions do not include destructive updates, thatis, they do not affect any I/O or memory and if they are not in use, they can easily be removed without hampering the rest of the program.
	Negotiating with client	Software evolution does not comprises:
	Market Conditions	Policies, which changes over the time, such astaxation and newly introduced constraints like, how to maintain bookkeeping, may trigger need for modification.
	TRUE	Software engineering is a branch of , which uses well-defined engineering concepts required to produce efficient, durable, scalable, in-budget and on-time software products.
	Flexibility	Which of these does not affect different types of software as a whole?
	Waterfall Model	Which one of the following models is not suitable for accommodating any change?
	Validation	It is process of examining whether or not the software satisfies the user requirements. It is carried out at the end of the SDLC.
	Functional Programming	This is style of programming language, which uses the concepts of mathematical functions.
	radial, angular	The spiral model has two dimensions namely _____________ and ____________
	Modular Programming	While programming, the code is broken downinto smaller group of instructions. These groups are known as modules, subprograms, or subroutines.
	Requirements analysis and definition	The system’s services, constraints, andgoals are established by consultation with system users. They are then defined in detail and serve as a system specification.