Software Engineering 1
Software engineering is the process of analyzing user needs and designing, constructing, and testing end-user applications that will satisfy these needs through the use of software programming languages. It is the application of engineering principles to software development.
100-200 | Build & Fix Model is suitable for programming exercises of ___________ LOC (Line of Code). | |
5 phases | RAD Model has | |
A project has a unique purpose. | Every project should have awell-defined objective. For example, many people hire firms to design and build a new house, but each house, like each person, is unique. | |
A project is an endeavor | Resources, such as people and equipment, need to do work. | |
A project is developed using progressive elaboration or in an iterative fashion. | Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, the specific details of the project become clearer. | |
A project is temporary | A project’s duration might be just one week or it might go on for years, but every project has an end date. | |
A project requires resources, often from various areas | Resources include people, hardware, software, or other assets. Many different types of people, skill sets, and resources are needed to build a home. | |
A project should have a primary customer or sponsor | Most projects have many interested parties or stakeholders, but someone must take the primary role of sponsorship. | |
abstraction | implies that a problem can be simplified by omitting irrelevant details. | |
abstraction | Software engineering principle whose main purpose is to consider only those aspects of the problem that are relevant for certain purpose and suppress other aspects that are not relevant for the given purpose | |
act consistently with the public interest.” | Identify the correct statement: “Software engineers shall | |
Adaptive | The modification of the software to match changes in the ever changing environment, falls under which category of software maintenance? | |
Adaptive Maintenance | This includes modifications and updationsapplied to keep the software product up-to date and tuned to the ever changing world of technology and business environment. | |
Adhoc testing | Testing done without planning and Documentation is called | |
All are true | Which of the following statements about SRS is/are true ? | |
All of the above | Release notes show what happened in this software version. Typically the information includes: | |
All of the mentioned | “Software engineers should not use their technical skills to other people’s computers.”Here the term refers to: | |
All of the mentioned | Processes for evolving a software product depend on: | |
All of the mentioned | Selection of a model is based on | |
All of the mentioned | Software Maintenance includes | |
All of the mentioned | What are the various Testing Levels? | |
all of the mentioned | Which of the following is/are main parameters that you should use when computing the costs of a software development project? | |
All of the mentioned | Which of the following is/are White box technique? | |
All of the mentioned | Which of these is true ? | |
All of the mentioned | Which one of the following is not an Evolutionary Process Model? | |
All of these | What are the Mandatory Quality Procedures? | |
Ambiguous | Which of the following property does not correspond to a good Software Requirements Specification (SRS) ? | |
Analysis | The new modules are coded with the help of structureddesign created in the design step. | |
Appraisal | Inspections and testing are what kinds of Quality Costs? | |
Avoiding customer complaints | Which of the following is not project management goal? | |
Barry Boehm | The spiral model was originally proposed by | |
Batch processing systems | These are business systems that are designed toprocess data in large batches. | |
be dependent on their colleagues.” | Select the incorrect statement: “Software engineers should | |
Berry Boehm | Spiral model was developed by | |
Beta testing | Acceptance testing is also known as | |
Black box testing | Behavioral testing is | |
Black Box Testing | Boundary value analysis belong to? | |
black-box | The SRS document is also known as _____________ specification. | |
Black-box Testing | It is carried out to test functionality of the program and also called ‘Behavioral’ testing. | |
Both Confidentiality & Intellectual property rights | Choose the correct option in terms of Issues related to professional responsibility | |
Both RAD & Iterative Enhancement | A company is developing an advance version of their current software available in the market, what model approach would they prefer ? | |
Both RAD & Prototyping Model facilitates reusability of components | Choose the correct option from given below: | |
Both Software companies and Developers | The reason for software bugs and failures is due to | |
Bottom-up Design | The ___________________ model starts with most specific and basic components. It proceeds with composing higher level of components by using basic or lower level components. | |
Boundary value analysis | Which of the following is black box testing | |
Boundary values | The input is divided into higher and lower end values.If these values pass the test, it is assumed that all values in between may pass too. | |
Branches | In almost all serious software development projects, a revision or version control system is used. This version control system keeps a record of changes in source code files and is usually built in a tree-like structure. | |
Breadth test and depth test | Maintenance testing is performed using which methodology? | |
Client Requirements | Over the time, customer may ask for new featuresor functions in the software. | |
Code-reuse | Programming interfaces of present-day languages are verysophisticated and are equipped huge library functions. | |
Coding | Which one of the following is not a phase of Prototyping Model? | |
Cohesion | It is grouping of all functionally related elements | |
Command Prompt | It is text-based notifier that is mostly shows thecontext in which the user is working. It is generated by the software system. | |
Command Prompt , Command | A ___________is an executable instruction. It may have one ormore parameters. | |
Commercial Off-The-Shelf systems | COTS stands for | |
Competence | You should not misrepresent your level of competence. You shouldnot knowingly accept work that is outside your competence. | |
Complete | Which of the following property of SRS is depicted by the statement : “Conformity to a standard is maintained” ? | |
Completing a scope statement | What should a project manager do or follow to ensure clear boundaries for project completion? | |
Component reuse | Consider the example and categorize it accordingly, “A pattern-matching system developed as part of a text-processing system may be reused in a database management system”. | |
Computer information system | A field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, whereas IS emphasizes functionality over design. | |
Computer misuse | You should not use your technical skills to misuse otherpeople’s computers. | |
Computer science belongs to Software engineering | Which of these is incorrect ? | |
Concurrent Model | If you were to create client/server applications, which model would you go for? | |
Concurrent Model | Model preferred to create client/server applications is | |
Confidentiality | You should normally respect the confidentiality of your employers or clients irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed. | |
Confidentiality, Competence, Intellectual Property Rights, Computer misuse, Security | Software Engineering ethics includes: (select all correct answers) | |
Corrective Maintenance | This includes modifications and updations donein order to correct or fix problems, which are either discovered by user or concluded by user error reports. | |
Cost constraints | It refers to the budgeted amount available for the project. | |
COTS-solution systems | What are generic application systems that may be designed to support a particular business type, activity, or sometimes a complete enterprise? | |
Data collection systems | These are systems that collect data from their environment using a set of sensors and send that data to other systems for processing. | |
data structure component | It is often easier to use if these two concerns are divided as much as possible into separate sets of client functions. | |
Database management | Software Design documentation contains the following except for: | |
Software specification | The functionality of the software and constraints on itsoperation must be defined. | |
Hardware platform | This is the tangible part of the development system. | |
FALSE | Software engineering helps to this programming complexity. | |
Generality | It is important in designing software that is free from unnatural restrictions and limitations. | |
Size of module | Which of the following is not used in measuring the size of the software | |
Development type | Choice of a particular operating system may be made depending upon, except: | |
Software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible | Explain what is meant by with reference to one of the eight principles as per the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics ? | |
Modularity | It implies separating software into components according to functionality and responsibility. | |
eight | The modification of the software to match changes in the ever changing environment, falls under which category of software maintenance? | |
Software design and implementation | The software to meet the specificationmust be produced. | |
Developers | Unit testing is done by | |
Software Design | It is a process to conceptualize the software requirements into software implementation. | |
Systems for modeling and simulation. | These are systems that are developed byscientists and engineers to model physical processes or situations, which include many, separate, interacting objects. | |
Systems of systems | These are systems that are composed of a number of othersoftware systems. | |
three | Selective retest techniques may be more economical than the “retest-all”technique.How many selective retest techniques are there? | |
ii, i, v, iv, iii | Arrange the given sequence to form a SRS Prototype outline as per IEEE SRS Standard. | |
Information System | It is a system composed of people and computers that processes or interprets information. | |
Target-Host | The software program, which is being developed in theorganization, needs to be designed for host machines at the customers end. | |
Regression or Stress Testing | It is a process done in some projects to carry out a test for a longer period of time. This type of testing is used to determine behavior of a product when used continuously over a period of time | |
Organization Changes | If there is any business level change at clientend, such as reduction of organization strength, acquiring another company, organization venturing into new business, need to modify in the original software may arise. | |
Spiral | Which of the following life cycle model can be chosen if the development team has less experience on similar projects? | |
It scales up well to large projects | Which of the following statements regarding Build & Fix Model is wrong? | |
Incremental Development | An ________________ process simplifies verification. If you develop software by adding small increments of functionality, then, for verification, you only need to deal with the added portion | |
Testing | Which of the following is not considered as a risk in project management? | |
Diagonal Prototype | Which is not one of the types of prototype of Prototyping Model? | |
impractical but possible | Exhaustive testing is | |
ENVIRONMENT | Which of these are not among the eight principles followed by Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice ? | |
User’s end | Beta testing is done at | |
FALSE | In industry, software engineering is usually needed to develop large programs to accommodate functions. | |
program | It is an executable code, which serves some computational purpose. | |
Intellectual property rights. | You should be aware of local laws governing the useof intellectual property such as patents and copyright. | |
Software Engineering | The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software. | |
Identification & Tracing | It involves activities pertaining to identificationof requirement of modification or maintenance | |
FALSE | A good decomposition of a problem should interactions among various components. | |
Software evolution | The software must evolve to meet changing customer needs. | |
White-box Testing | It is conducted to test program and its implementation, in order to improve code efficiency or structure. It is also known as ‘Structural’ testing. | |
Progress can be measured for Incremental Model | How is Incremental Model different from Spiral Model? | |
software product | It is considered to be a collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations made for a specific purpose. | |
Incremental development | This approach interleaves the activities of specification, development, and validation. The system is developed as a series of versions (increments), with each version adding functionality to the previous version. | |
Increasing Supply | Which of these does not account for software failure ? | |
Software Validation | The fundamental notions of software engineering does not account for ? | |
Software Development Life Cycle | SDLC stands for | |
Perfective Maintenance | This includes modifications and updates donein order to keep the software usable over long period of time. It includes new features, new user requirements for refining the software and improve its reliability and performance. | |
Recursion | This is a programming technique where a function callsitself and repeats the program code in it unless some pre-defined condition matches. | |
Performance testing | Which of the following is non-functional testing? | |
Run chart | Lower and upper limits are present in which chart? | |
Software | It refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. | |
Reuse-oriented software engineering | This approach is based on the existence ofa significant number of reusable components. The system development process focuses on integrating these components into a system rather than developing them from scratch | |
four | Maintenance is classified into how many categories ? | |
Hardware | This category includes the computer itself, which is often referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipment. | |
Linear Model & Prototyping Model | The Incremental Model is combination of elements of | |
Software Engineering | It is a systematic approach to the production of software that takes into account practical cost, schedule, and dependability issues, as well as the needs of software customers and producers. | |
Reengineering | Program modularization and Source code translation are the activities of_____________ | |
Requirement Gathering | This is usually the first part of any software product. This stage starts when you are thinking about developing software. In this phase, you meet customers or prospective customers, analyzing market requirements and features that are in demand. | |
Project | A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. | |
Structured Coding | In reference with top-down analysis, _________________ sub-divides the modules into further smaller units of code. | |
Design solutions | Which of the following is not included in SRS ? | |
Host Modifications | If any of the hardware and/or platform (such asoperating system) of the target host changes, software changes are needed to keep adaptability. | |
Programming style | This is set of coding rules followed by all the programmers to write the code. | |
Polymorphism | OOD languages provide a mechanism where methodsperforming similar tasks but vary in arguments, can be assigned same name. | |
Structural testing | White Box techniques are also classified as | |
radial, angular | The two dimensions of spiral model are | |
Portability, Interoperability, Reusability, Adaptability, Maintenance | These aspects are important when the software is moved from one platform to another: (select all correct answers) | |
Fault | It is also known as a bug, is a result of an error which can cause system to fail. | |
Systems are developed by configuring and integrating existing application systems | COTS product reuse means | |
Scope constraints | It refers to what must be done to produce the project's end result | |
Functional specification | __________________ documents show the behavior or functionality of a software product on an abstract level. | |
Encapsulation | In OOD, the attributes (data variables) and methods(operation on the data) are bundled together is called _________________. | |
Requirement documentation | These documentations contain all thenecessary information, which are needed to build the software | |
Framework | Which of the following is a generic structure that is extended to create a more specific subsystem or application? | |
Functional Testing | This is carried out to make sure that the software is doing exactly what it is supposed to do. This type of testing is a must before any software is released to customers. | |
Implementation and Coding | This is usually the longest phase in the product life cycle. Each developer has to write his/her own code and collaborate with other developers to make sure that different components can interoperate with each other. | |
Unit Testing | It is testing one part or one component of the product. The developer usually does this when he/she has completed writing code for that part of the product. | |
FALSE | are absolutely necessary to achieve a good quality software cost effectively. | |
Top-down analysis | Under __________________, the problem is broken down into small pieces where each one has some significance. Each problem is individually solved and steps are clearly stated about how to solve the problem. | |
Developer’s end | Alpha testing is done at | |
Structured design | It is a conceptualization of problem into several well-organized elements of solution | |
Increases reusability of components, Highly specialized & skilled developers/designers are required | What is the major drawback of using RAD Model? | |
Generality | ______________ measures the ability of a regression test selection technique to handle realistic applications. | |
Implementation and unit testing | During this stage, the software design is realized as a set of programs or program units | |
TRUE | The outcome of is an efficient and reliable software product. | |
Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination | SPICE stands for | |
Top level management | Which of the following is responsible for the quality objective? | |
Software is set of programs, documentation & configuration of data | What is a Software ? | |
Inheritance | OOD allows similar classes to stack up in hierarchicalmanner where the lower or sub-classes can import, implement and re-use allowed variables and methods from their immediate super classes. | |
high | A 66.6% risk is considered as | |
TRUE | he most significant factor in determining which software engineering methods and techniques are most important is the that is being developed. | |
high effectiveness | Which of the following is not an advantages of software reuse? | |
Workflow | The process mapping is a ______ diagram | |
function-oriented design | In ________________, the system comprises of many smaller sub-systems known as functions. | |
no subset of individual requirements described in it conflict with each other | The SRS is said to be if and only if | |
Operational, Maintenance, Transitional | Characteristics of a good software: (select all correct answers) | |
Process specialization | “An ordering system may be adapted to cope with a centralized ordering process in one company and a distributed process in another.” Which category the example belong to? | |
Large Software, Scalability, Cost, Dynamic Nature, Quality Management | software process | |
Modularity, Maintainability, Flexibility, Scalability | These aspects briefs about how well software has the capabilities to maintain itself in the ever-changing environment: (select all correct answers) | |
Software Releases | Before you start selling any software product, it is officially released. This means that you create a state of the software in your repository, make sure that it has been tested for functionality and freeze the code. | |
Testing | ___________ is probably the most important phase for long-term support as well as for the reputation of the company. | |
White box testing | What is Cyclomatic complexity? | |
RAD Model | Which model can be selected if user is involved in all the phases of SDLC? | |
Your employer releases a safety-critical system without finishing the testing of the system | Identify an ethical dilemma from the situations mentioned below: | |
White box testing | The testing in which code is checked | |
Generality | It is important in designing software that is free from unnatural restrictions and limitations. | |
Verifiable | Consider the following Statement: “The output of a program shall be given within 10 secs of event X 10% of the time.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ? | |
TRUE | If the were not based on scientific and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new software than to scale an existing one. | |
Microsoft | .NET are specific to which platform? | |
Software developers | They deal with structures and algorithms without regard for the meaning or importance of the data that is involved. | |
Prototyping & Spiral | Which two models doesn’t allow defining requirements early in the cycle? | |
The waterfall model | This takes the fundamental process activities of specification, development, validation, and evolution and represents them as separate process phases such as requirements specification, software design, implementation, testing, and so on. | |
Internship management | Which of the following is incorrect activity for the configuration management of a software system? | |
Procedures | These are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system. | |
Motivation | ________________ is the ability to encourage by "push or pull" technical people to produce to their best ability. | |
Interactive transaction-based applications | These are applications that executeon a remote computer and that are accessed by users from their own PCs or terminals. | |
Non-Verifiable | Consider the following Statement: “The product should have a good human interface.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ? | |
λ-calculus | Most functional programming languages use ______________ astheir type systems. λ-expressions are executed by evaluating them as they occur. | |
It defines a set of negotiation activities at the beginning of each pass around the spiral | How is WINWIN Spiral Model different from Spiral Model? | |
Preventive Maintenance | This includes modifications and updations toprevent future problems of the software. It aims to attend problems, which are not significant at this moment but may cause serious issues in future. | |
Time constraints | It refers to the amount of time available to complete a project | |
Failure | It is said to be the inability of the system to perform thedesired task. | |
low cost | The open source movement has meant that there is a huge reusable code base available at | |
Linear Model & Prototyping Model | The Incremental Model is a result of combination of elements of which two models? | |
Quality | It is the ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, service, product component, or process to fulfill requirements of customers. | |
Top-down analysis | A software is always made to perform some rationalwork. This rational work is known as problem in the software parlance. | |
Software Engineering | ranch of discipline associated with the development of software product using well-defined scientific principles, methods and procedures. | |
Verification | It is the process of confirming if the software is meeting the business requirements, and is developed adhering to the proper specifications and methodologies. | |
Software | It refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. | |
Design Constraints | Which of the following is included in SRS ? | |
Reverse Engineering and Reengineering | Which technique is applied to ensure the continued evolution of legacy systems ? | |
Doesn’t work well for smaller projects | Identify the disadvantage of Spiral Model. | |
FALSE | The need of software engineering arises because of of change in user requirements and environment on which the software is working. | |
Equivalence class | The input is divided into similar classes. If oneelement of a class passes the test, it is assumed that all the class is passed. | |
software | considered to be a collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations. | |
Software | Which metric is related to the software maintenance | |
design documents | After defining architecture, software components and their interfaces, the next phase of development is the creation of __________________. | |
Embedded control systems | These are software control systems that control andmanage hardware devices. | |
licensing | Efficiency in a software product does not include ________ | |
Evaluating deliverable to find errors | Which of the following term describes testing? | |
Naming conventions | This section defines how to name functions,variables, constants and global variables. | |
Evolutionary development usually has two flavors; exploratory development, and throw-away prototyping | Identify the correct statement with respect to Evolutionary development: | |
RAD & Prototyping | Which two of the following models will not be able to give the desired outcome if user’s participation is not involved? | |
Project Management Life Cycle | The process each manager follows during the life of a project is known as | |
Entertainment system | These are systems that are primarily for personal use andwhich are intended to entertain the user. | |
Inclusiveness | Which regression test selection technique exposes faults caused by modifications? | |
Quality Management | It is the sum of all planned systematic activities and processes for creating, controlling and assuring quality indicates how quality management relates to the typical product development. | |
Rapid Application Development | RAD stands for | |
Non-verifiable | Consider the following Statement: “The data set will contain an end of file character.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ? | |
Sanity Testing | It is a very basic check to see if all software components compile with each other without a problem. | |
Software validation | The software must be validated to ensure that it does whatthe customer wants. | |
Easier to test and debug & It is used when there is a need to get a product to the market early | What is the major advantage of using Incremental Model? | |
Software dependence | Which of these software engineering activities are not a part of software processes ? | |
Objects | All entities involved in the solution design are known as __________.For example, person, banks, company, and customers are treated as objects. | |
Stand-alone applications. | These are application systems that run on a local computer, such as a PC. | |
Error | These are actual coding mistakes made by developers. In addition, there is a difference in output of software and desired output is considered as ______. | |
FALSE | problem has to be decomposed such that each component of the decomposed problem can be solved and then the solution of the different components can be combined to get the full solution. | |
A field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, whereas IS emphasizes functionality over design. | ||
User documentation | These | |
Object Oriented Design | It works around the entities and their characteristics instead of functions involved in the software system. This design strategies focuses on entities and its characteristics. | |
Software process models | It is a simplified representation of a software process. Each process represents a process from a particular perspective, and thus provides only partial information about that process. | |
project | Quality planning is the process of developing a quality plan for | |
Technical documentation | These documentations are maintained by thedevelopers and actual coders. These documents, as a whole, represent information about the code. | |
Regression Testing | What type of software testing is generally used in Software Maintenance? | |
Software maintainability & functionality | What are attributes of good software ? | |
Strict evaluation | It is a method of evaluating the expression passed toa function as an argument. | |
Safe | Which selective retest technique selects every test case that causes a modified program to produce a different output than its original version? | |
System software | Typically each development platform consists of the following components, except: | |
Web based systems have led to degradation of programming languages | Which of these is not true ? | |
FALSE | needs to be written using software engineering principles. | |
Top Down Design | It takes the whole software system as one entity and then decomposes it to achieve more than one sub-system or component based on some characteristics. | |
Version Management | Every time a new software is issued to the customer, developers have to maintain version and configuration related documentation. | |
Lack of adequate training in software engineering | As per an IBM report, “31%of the project get cancelled before they are completed, 53% overrun their cost estimates by an average of 189% and for every 100 projects, there are 94 restarts”.What is the reason for these statistics ? | |
Process analysis | Identify the sub-process of process improvement | |
TRUE | If the different sub components are interrelated, then the different components cannot be solved separately and the desired in complexity will not be realized. | |
RAD | If you were a lead developer of a software company and you are asked to submit a project/product within a stipulated time-frame with no cost barriers, which model would you select? | |
Pure functions | These functions do not include destructive updates, thatis, they do not affect any I/O or memory and if they are not in use, they can easily be removed without hampering the rest of the program. | |
Negotiating with client | Software evolution does not comprises: | |
Market Conditions | Policies, which changes over the time, such astaxation and newly introduced constraints like, how to maintain bookkeeping, may trigger need for modification. | |
TRUE | Software engineering is a branch of , which uses well-defined engineering concepts required to produce efficient, durable, scalable, in-budget and on-time software products. | |
Flexibility | Which of these does not affect different types of software as a whole? | |
Waterfall Model | Which one of the following models is not suitable for accommodating any change? | |
Validation | It is process of examining whether or not the software satisfies the user requirements. It is carried out at the end of the SDLC. | |
Functional Programming | This is style of programming language, which uses the concepts of mathematical functions. | |
radial, angular | The spiral model has two dimensions namely _____________ and ____________ | |
Modular Programming | While programming, the code is broken downinto smaller group of instructions. These groups are known as modules, subprograms, or subroutines. | |
Requirements analysis and definition | The system’s services, constraints, andgoals are established by consultation with system users. They are then defined in detail and serve as a system specification. |