| Hard Drive_______ are still used in many computers for situations where data must be read and written quickly. |
| Flash Drive | The typical type of external memory that most people use and are |
| familiar with are ______ |
| CISC | It is made to reduce the number of instructions per program, ignoring the number of cycles per instruction. |
| Peripheral Component Interconnect | |
| Bus | ____________ is a set of conductors intended to transmit data, address or control information to different elements in a microprocessor. |
| Fritz Pfluemer | Who |
| was invented the magnetic tape for the purpose of recording? |
| Parity Code | It is easy to include (append) one parity bit |
| either to the left of MSB or to the right of LSB of original bit stream. |
| Random Access Memory | __________ is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code |
| Nibble | If |
| you have 4 bits, you make one ______ |
| TRUE | A level-triggered interrupt is requested by holding the interrupt signal at its particular |
| (high or low) active logic level. |
| TRUE | RISC is a type of microprocessor architecture which uses small, general purpose and |
| highly optimized instruction set rather than more specialized set of instructions found |
| in others. |
| NOR-FLASH | It includes most types of ROM and a type of flash memory called ___________. |
| DRAM | It is made up of memory cell where each cell is composed of one transistor. |
| giant ENIAC machine | first substantial computer? |
| memory | It is the nature of the operation is indicated by read and write control signals. |
| FALSE | Typically, a memory module will consist of M words of equal length. |
| BUFFER | It is a temporary |
| physical storage used to hold data |
| during execution of process from one place to one another. |
| TRUE | Vacuum Tubes (1950s) - one bit on the size of a thumb |
| 1951 | Magnetic tape was first used to record computer data in _____ on the |
| Eckert-Mauchly UNIVAC I. |
| USB port | Most external hard drives connect to a computer through a ______ |
| Cycle stealing mode | The is used in systems |
| in which the CPU should not be disabled for the length of time needed for burst |
| transfer modes. |
| Processor | The |
| ___________ reads in instructions and data, writes out data |
| after processing, and uses control signals to control the overall |
| operation of the system. |
| Address line | It is used to designate the source or destination of the |
| data on the data bus |
| EPROM | This programmed with the use of very high voltages and |
| exposure to apporoximately 20 minutes of |
| intense UV light. |
| Clock speed | Microprocessors uses a clock signal to control the rate at which instructions are executed, synchronize other internal components and to control the data transfer between them. |
| 2004 | Both PCI and PCI-X were superseded by PCI Express, which |
| was introduced in? |
| Intel Core i7 | Examples of microprocessor |
| data bus | These lines, collectively, are called the . |
| Direct mapping | It |
| is the simplest technique of mapping. |
| CDRAM | ______ |
| can handle CPU, direct memory access (DMA) and |
| video refresh at the same time by utilizing a high-speed video interface. |
| Error correction codes | ______ are used to correct the error(s) present in |
| the received data (bit stream) so that, we will get the original data. |
| Bus interconnection | A bus consists of |
| multiple pathways or lines |
| 1992 | The "conventional PCI was designed by Intel and introduced in ______. |
| TRUE | The first substantial computer was the giant ENIAC machine by John W. Mauchly and |
| J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania. |
| INPUT | Driven by the motherboard, received by the PCI card |
| Both low cost and high-speed | It is an advantage of a microprocessor. |
| Monitor | A _________ usually comprises the display device, circuitry, casing, and power supply. |
| TRUE | Processors typically have an internal interrupt mask register which allows selective |
| enabling and disabling of hardware interrupts. |
| FALSE | PCI is a hardware bus used for |
| adding internal components to a laptop. |
| FALSE | Word Width is the number of bits in the internal data bus of a processor or it is the |
| number of bits a processor can process at a time |
| Chewing gum | In many modern personal computers, the RAM comes in |
| an easily upgraded form of modules called or DRAM modules about the size of a few sticks of _________ |
| TRUE | Interrupts may be implemented in hardware as a distinct component with control |
| lines, or they may be integrated into the memory subsystem. |
| Peripheral Component Interconnect | What does PCI stands for? |
| Processor | The |
| ________ reads in instructions and data |
| processor | It reads in instructions and data, writes out data |
| after processing, and uses control signals to control the overall operation of the |
| system. |
| Spurious interrupt | It is the occurrence of a false interrupt request signal. |
| DRAM | ______ stores a bit of data using a transistor and capacitor pair. |
| error detection codes | It |
| used to detect the error(s) present in the received data(bit stream). |
| CAPACITY AND ACCESS TIME | The |
| memory characterised on the basis of two key factors; _______ and |
| _____________. |
| TRUE | A bus is a communication pathway connecting two or more devices |
| Magnetic & Optical | Electronic |
| data storage mediums that we can utilize |
| solid-state memory devices | Term RAM refers solely |
| to ________________ |
| TRUE | A microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) which incorporates core functions of a |
| computer's central processing unit (CPU). |
| bus | A is a communication pathway connecting two or more devices |
| Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory | What does EPROM stand for? |
| Program counter | __________ is saved in a known place. |
| NOR-flash | A type of flash memory |
| Microprocessor | It is an integrated circuit (IC) which incorporates core functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU). |
| SRAM | In _______, a bit of data is stored using the state of a six-transistor memory cell. |
| TRUE | Processor to memory: The processor writes a unit of data to memory. |
| cell | The memory ________ is the fundamental building block of |
| computer memory. |
| Redundant Array of Independent Disks | A disk or solid state drive (SSD) subsystem that |
| increases performance or provides fault tolerance or both. |
| FALSE | Blueberry released the first |
| generation Macintosh, which was the first computer to come with a graphical user |
| interface(GUI) and a mouse. |
| None of the above | Typical control lines include: |
| Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory | What does EPROM stand for? |
| TRUE | The 1960s saw large mainframe computers become much more common in large |
| industries and with the US military and space program. |
| TRUE | The first microprocessor was introduced in the year 1972. |
| Memory Cell | ___________ |
| is the fundamental building block of computer memory. |
| FALSE | Cache memory is a random access memory that is integrated into the hard disk drive. |
| FALSE | In the 1960's two devices would be invented that would improve the computer field |
| and set in motion the beginning of the computer revolution. |
| External Devices | Any peripheral device that is not housed inside |
| the computer cabinet. |
| copying |
| data | It |
| is from the external memory sources is done the same way as copying data to and |
| from the existing hard drive. |
| 1971 | first |
| microprocessor introduced? |
| Processor communication | This involves a number of tasks, primarily the |
| transference of data between the processor and an I/O module, accepting and |
| decoding commands sent by the processor, reporting of current status, and an |
| ability for the I/O module to recognise its own unique address. |
| Magnetic Disk | It is |
| a storage device that uses a magnetization process to write, rewrite and access |
| data. |
| Semiconductor Memories | It is a digital electronic data storage device. |
| 185 TB | Capacity of true |
| tape |
| I/O Processors | It |
| is a processor with direct memory access |
| capability. In this, the computer system is divided into a memory unit and |
| number of processors. |
| Level-triggered interrupt | It is requested by holding the interrupt signal at its particular (high or low) active logic level. |
| CONTROL LINE | Used to control the access to and the use of the data and address lines |
| 1928 | Magnetic tape was invented for recording sound by Fritz Pfleumer in _____ in Germany. |
| Memory Card | _______ are used in devices such as cameras, GPS systems and call phones. |
| SUPER DENSITY DISK | . |
| DVD is also known as ________________. |
| TRUE | Microprocessors are very versatile, the same chip can be used for a number of |
| applications by simply changing the program (instructions stored in the |
| memory). |
| TRUE | Control signal transmit both commands and timing information between the |
| modules |
| TRUE | Registers may be called as the Internal Storage device. Input data, Output data and |
| various other binary data is stored in this unit for further processing. |
| NONE OF THESE | Which of the following is not belong to non-volatile |
| memory? |
| TRUE | All the instructions that are fetched from memory are located in the Instruction |
| register. |
| METAL | Which of the following is not categorised in |
| physical characteristics of a memory. |
| CD-ROM | I t is designed to |
| store computer data in the form of text and graphics, as well as hi-fi stereo |
| sound. |
| Network Line | These are the 3 functional groups of a bus |
| interconnection except? |
| Data buffering | It |
| is a crucial function that manages the speed discrepancy that exists between |
| the speed of transfer of data between the processor and memory and peripheral |
| devices. |
| TRUE | A software interrupt is requested by the processor itself upon executing particular |
| instructions or when certain conditions are met. |
| Multilevel |
| caches | As logic density has increased, it has become possible |
| to have a cache on the same chip as the processor: the on-chip cache |
| FALSE | Intel's 8086 was the first microprocessor to make it to Home |
| computers. |
| TRUE | An edge-triggered interrupt is an interrupt signaled by a level transition on the interrupt |
| line, either a falling edge (high to low) or a rising edge (low to high). |
| giant ENIAC machine | What was the |
| none of these | Which is not belongs to optical storage devices? |
| Oxide side | The |
| ________ of a tape is the surface that |
| can be magnetically manipulate by a tape head |
| volatile | Both static and dynamic RAM are considered _____________. |
| PCI | It is a hardware bus used for |
| adding internal components to a desktop computer |
| 1992 | The "conventional PCI was designed by Intel and |
| introduced in ______. |
| 1971 | In what year was the |
| 62 | The PCI connector is defined as having how many |
| contacts each side of the dge connector? |
| RDRAM | Entire data blocks are access and transferred |
| out on a high-speed bus-like interface |
| Transparent Mode | ___________ |
| mode takes the most time to transfer a block of |
| data, yet it is also the most efficient mode in terms of overall system |
| performance. |
| Set-associative mapping | It is a compromise that exhibits the strengths of both the |
| direct and associative approaches while reducing their disadvantages. |
| Optical storage | _______ refers to recording data using light. |
| EEPROM | This is used in many older computer BIOS chips, is |
| non-volatile storage that can be erased and programmed several times and allows |
| only one location at a time to be written or erased. |
| TRUE | Control unit as the name specifies controls the flow of data and signals in the |
| microprocessor |
| FALSE | The hard disk drive forms the brain of the Central Processing Unit |
| Non-maskable interrupts | What is NMI? |
| TRUE | Then during the year 1976, Intel introduced 8085 processors which is |
| nothing but an update of 8080 processors.8080 processors are updated by adding two |
| Enable/Disable Instructions, Three added interrupt pins and serial I/O pins. |
| TRUE | Microprocessors are very reliable, failure rate is very less as semiconductor |
| technology is used. |
| FALSE | Used to control the access to and the use of the data and address system |
| POWER PIN | Supplies power to the PCI card |
| Keyboard | A computer _________ is one of the primary input devices used with a computer. |
