Information Assurance and Security 2

Information Assurance and Security 2

Information assurance is the practice of assuring information and managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information. Information assurance includes protection of the integrity, availability, authenticity, non-repudiation and confidentiality of user data.

	cryptography	The contemporary differs substantially from the classic one, which used pen and paper for encryption and which was far less complex.
	Infrastructure Access	The Layer describes the notion that access to infrastructure components has to be constrained to business ought-to-know. For instance, access to servers.
	computer network protocols	Тhe concept of layers illustrates that data communications and are designated to function in a layered manner, transferring the data from one layer to the next.
	Encryption	consists of changing the data located in files into unreadable bits of characters unless a key to decode the file is provided.
	Physical Access	The Layer describes the notion that the physical access to any system, server, computer, data center, or another physical object storing confidential information has to be constrained to business ought-to-know.
	confidentiality	The principle dictates that information should solely be viewed by people with appropriate and correct privileges.
	confidentiality	The aim of is to ensure that information is hidden from people unauthorized to access it.
	physical data	As regards to , its means of protection are somewhat similar – access to the area where the information is kept may be granted only with the proper badge or any different form of authorization, it can be physically locked in a safe or a file cabinet, there could be access controls, cameras, security, etc.
	Data In Motion	The Layer describes the notion that data ought to be secured while in motion.
	information	To continue, confidentiality can be easily breached so each employee in an organization or company should be aware of his responsibilities in maintaining confidentiality of the delegated to him for the exercise of his duties.
	Enigma	The establishment of the rotor machine and the subsequent emergence of electronics and computing enabled the usage of much more elaborate schemes and allowed confidentiality to be protected much more effectively.
	Application Access	The Layer describes the notion that access to end-user applications have to be constrained to business ought-to-know.
	CIA triad	A principle which is a core requirement of information security for the safe utilization, flow, and storage of information is the .
	confidentiality	CIA stands for , integrity, and availability and these are the three main objectives of information security.
	Availability	: assuring that authorized users have continued access to information and resources.
	Integrity	:assuring that information and programs are changed only in a specified and authorized manner.
	Confidentiality	:controlling who gets to read information.
	national defense system	For a , the chief concern may be ensuring the confidentiality of classified information, whereas a funds transfer system may require strong integrity controls.
	external systems	The requirements for applications that are connected to will differ from those for applications without such interconnection.
	Trojan horse	With attacks, for example, even legitimate and honest users of an owner mechanism can be tricked into disclosing secret data.
	competitive	Early disclosure may jeopardize advantage, but disclosure just before the intended announcement may be insignificant.
	system	A that must be restored within an hour after disruption represents, and requires, a more demanding set of policies and controls than does a similar system that need not be restored for two to three days.
	circumstances	The weight given to each of the three major requirements describing needs for information security—confidentiality, integrity, and availability—depends strongly on .
	Confidentiality	is a requirement whose purpose is to keep sensitive information from being disclosed to unauthorized recipients.
	mechanisms	One can implement that policy by taking specific actions guided by management control principles and utilizing specific security standards, procedures, and .
	security policy	A  is a concise statement, by those responsible for a system (e.g., senior management), of information values, protection responsibilities, and organizational commitment.
	program of management	An effective controls is needed to cover all aspects of information security, including physical security, classification of information, the means of recovering from breaches of security, and above all training to instill awareness and acceptance by people.
	prudent policy setter	In any particular circumstance, some threats are more probable than others, and a must assess the threats, assign a level of concern to each, and state a policy in terms of which threats are to be resisted.
	security policy	To be useful, a must not only state the security need (e.g., for confidentiality—that data shall be disclosed only to authorized individuals), but also address the range of circumstances under which that need must be met and the associated operating standards.
	security policy	The framework within which an organization strives to meet its needs for information security is codified as .
	active	Computers are entities, and programs can be changed in a twinkling, so that past happiness is no predictor of future bliss.
	Management controls	are the mechanisms and techniques—administrative, procedural, and technical—that are instituted to implement a security policy.
	management controls	Some are explicitly concerned with protecting information and information systems, but the concept of management controls includes much more than a computer's specific role in enforcing security.
	articulation	A major conclusion of this report is that the lack of a clear of security policy for general computing is a major impediment to improved security in computer systems.
	Technical measures	may prevent people from doing unauthorized things but cannot prevent them from doing things that their job functions entitle them to do.
	software	As viruses have escalated from a hypothetical to a commonplace threat, it has become necessary to rethink such policies in regard to methods of distribution and acquisition of .
	organization	An must have administrative procedures in place to bring peculiar actions to the attention of someone who can legitimately inquire into the appropriateness of such actions, and that person must actually make the inquiry.
	residual risk	The must be managed by auditing, backup, and recovery procedures supported by general alertness and creative responses.
	cybersecurity	Info security is concerned with making sure data in any form is kept secure and is a bit broader than .
	Cybersecurity	is all about protecting data that is found in  form (such as computers, servers, networks, mobile devices, etc.) from being compromised or attacked.
	information security	is another way of saying “data security.”
	IT security tools.	The process to protect that data requires more advanced
	TRUE	Criminals are constantly surveying the environment for an opportunity to commit crimes.
	TRUE	While you are walking, keep your mind on what is going on around you.
	FALSE	Walk without purpose, scan the area around you and make casual eye contact with others to display confidence.
	TRUE	Carrying items makes you more vulnerable targets for criminals.
	TRUE	If you have an intuitive feeling something is wrong, trust your instincts.
	FALSE	If you feel vulnerable do not ask Police or Security to escort you to your car
	TRUE	Always closely guard their personal effects when it comes to identity theft.
	Security, Medical, Political, Environmental and Infrastructural Risks	20 different risk markers grouped under five main categories
	Technology, Private Alarm Response, Private Patrol Services, Private Security Guards	Types of private security.
	TRUE	Criminals are constantly surveying the environment for an opportunity to commit crimes.
	TRUE	Feeling confident about their organization's security level: When information security community members participated in the Cybersecurity Trends Report, they were asked how positive they felt about their security stance.
	TRUE	Disruptions in their day-to-day business: Time is money.
	information security	Computer security and cybersecurity are both children of ______________________.
	application of computer science	IT is the ___________________for practical purposes, largely for industry (mainframes, supercomputers, datacentres, servers, PCs and mobile devices as endpoints for worker interaction) and consumers (PCs, mobile devices, IoT devices, and video game console endpoints for enduser lifestyles.)
	conversation	sing this high-level, objectively-derived data can simplify the ______________________ around risk.
	interchangeable terms	Computer security and cybersecurity are completely ___________________, and require digital computer technology from 1946’s ENIAC to now.
	secure for the history of data predating	Keeping information___________________ electronic computers (such as ancient cryptography) to this very day falls under the banner of information security.
	communicating internal	Because ratings are easy to understand, they are a useful mechanism for ____________________ and vendor risk to a non-technical audience in the C-suite, boardroom, or with the vendor in question.
	physical and cyber risk	Business partners and investors are increasingly aware of the importance of this topic, and companies are asked regularly about their effectiveness in securing data and managing both ___________________.
	Cybersecurity ratings	___________________ or security ratings are the cyber equivalent of a credit score.
	information security	Ensuring proper HTTPS implementation for an e-commerce website or mobile app falls under cybersecurity and computer security, so it’s ___________________.
	it pertains to business	IT security can probably be used interchangeably with cybersecurity, computer security and information security if ___________________.